Keyword-based user interface in electronic device

ABSTRACT

A method for providing a user interface (UI) in an electronic device having a background includes presenting a first keyword in the background by animation in response to an operation performed by a user on the electronic device, wherein the first keyword enables the user to start the electronic device for executing a first function.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/048,192, filed Oct. 8, 2013, which claims priority to Taiwan PatentApplication No. 101137394, filed Oct. 9, 2012, and all the benefitsaccruing therefrom under 35 U.S.C. §119, the contents of which in itsentirety are herein incorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND

The present invention relates to keyword-based user interfaces in anelectronic device, and more particularly, to a method for producing akeyword-based user interface by automation.

In the information technology field, keywords are typically used toconduct a data search. The main advantage of keywords is that keywordscarry semantic meanings comprehensible to a user. Hence, when used assearch criteria, keywords yield a result which meets the user'sexpectations. Commercial search engines in wide use, such as Google,provide keyword search services, and thus they are not described indetail herein for the sake of brevity.

To enhance the precision of search results, the prior art, such as USPatent Application Publication 2008/0005107, discloses a way ofconducting a search by a keyword tree.

SUMMARY

In one embodiment, a method for providing a user interface (UI) in anelectronic device having a background includes presenting a firstkeyword in the background by animation in response to an operationperformed by a user on the electronic device, wherein the first keywordenables the user to start the electronic device for executing a firstfunction.

In another embodiment, a method for providing a user interface (UI) inan electronic device having a background includes presenting an icon inthe background by animation in response to an operation performed by auser on the electronic device, wherein the icon enables the user tostart the electronic device for executing a function.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

In order that the advantages of the invention will be readilyunderstood, a more particular description of the invention brieflydescribed above will be rendered by reference to specific embodimentsthat are illustrated in the appended drawings. Understanding that thesedrawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are nottherefore to be considered to be limiting of its scope, the inventionwill be described and explained with additional specificity and detailthrough the use of the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 3 shows a keyword tree according to an embodiment of the presentinvention; and

FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D and 4E are schematic views of a user interfaceaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the present invention are characterized by a method forproviding a keyword-based user interface in an electronic device. Forexample, the user interface of the present invention displays one ormore layers of keyword menu for the user to choose from and thus guidesthe user to a function which the user wants to perform.

According to embodiments of the present invention, keywords are chosenfrom a text corpus artificially or by a machine, carry naturallinguistic meanings or semantic meanings comprehensible to the user, andare for use in referring to extensive information embodied in the textcorpus. Accordingly, in an embodiment of the present invention, dailymeanings of keywords apply to the usage context of an electronic deviceso that the user can operate the electronic device with the userinterface of the present invention according to the user's generalunderstanding of the keywords.

Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention are furthercharacterized in that keywords, which vary from user to user, serve asthe user interface for operating the electronic device and evenexecuting the same function.

Unlike the user interface (such as a “keyword menu”) of the presentinvention, a conventional electronic device is equipped with a“function-based” user interface (such as a function menu or a treedirectory), such that the user can browse the user interface only bymeans of a name or icon attributed to a function and configured by aprogram developer. However, the name or icon of the function isconfigured by the program developer from the perspective thereof andthus seldom bears any semantic meaning comprehensible to the user,thereby being susceptible to misinterpretation.

For example, users who seldom use Microsoft's Windows operating systemare unlikely to get the meanings the program developer wants to instillinto names or icons of “my computer” or “network neighborhood” displayedon the user interface and spotted by the users, nor can the usersdiscern whether the names or icons are relevant to any function theusers currently want to execute. In this regard, conventional userinterfaces lack ease of use, because conventional user interfacedevelopers gave no consideration to the difference in the background orcomprehension skills between the users. In view of this, an embodimentof the present invention is characterized in that the user interfacededicated to a user is produced in accordance with a keywordcomprehensible to the user.

Furthermore, the advantage of a keyword-based user interface is that:the user understands the semantic meaning of each keyword or theinformation to be referred to by each keyword, and thus the userinterface can be designed according to corresponding relationships ofthe semantic meanings of the keywords or the information to be referredto by the keywords in order for the user interface to have a treestructure or a hierarchical structure for assisting the user inbrowsing, such that the user can readily understand the context of thewhole structure and browse it. For example, the user can understandreadily that four keywords, namely “spring”, “summer”, “fall”, “winter”,belong to the same layer in the tree structure, and that “Christmas”belongs to the next layer and is linked to the keyword “winter”.

Conceivably, with conventional user interfaces providing the name of afunction only, it is difficult for the user to gain insight into therelation between the layers of a tree structure or hierarchicalstructure only by the name of a function in the absence of any otherauxiliary tool.

In another aspect, comprehension of the same keyword varies from user touser, and thus an embodiment of the present invention is characterizedin that the user interface dedicated to a user is produced in accordancewith the user's understanding of a keyword. Referring to the examplementioned earlier, the keyword “Christmas” is linked to the keyword“winter” at the preceding layer as far as the user interface of a userlocated in the Northern Hemisphere is concerned, whereas the keyword“Christmas” is linked to the keyword “summer” at the preceding layer asfar as the user interface of a user located in the Southern Hemisphereis concerned. Hence, when users are going to the keyword “Christmas”, aselected path leading thereto on the tree structure of the userinterface depends on user's understanding of the keyword and thus variesfrom user to user.

By contrast, the tree structure of the conventional user interface isdesigned in accordance with the name or icon of a function; as a result,not only are users forced to “learn” the meaning of every name on thefunction menu, but all the users are provided with the same path leadingto a specific position of the tree structure of the user interface.

The present invention provides, in an embodiment thereof, a method forproviding a user interface (UI) of an electronic device. The methodincludes determining at least a starting keyword from a given targetdatabase, and associating each said starting keyword with an function ofthe electronic device; determining at least a linking keyword from auser profile database; creating a keyword tree from the at least astarting keyword determined and the at least a linking keyworddetermined, wherein the keyword tree has at least two layers, and the atleast a linking keyword determined is placed in an upper layer relativeto the at least a starting keyword determined; and providing the keywordtree on the electronic device for a user to browse and thereby select atleast a said starting keyword by at least a said linking keyword on thekeyword tree, thus starting the function.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for providing auser interface (UI) of an electronic device. The method includes:determining at least one starting keyword from a plurality of givenkeywords and associating each said starting keyword with an function ofthe electronic device; determining at least one linking keyword from theplurality of given keywords; creating a keyword tree from the at leastone starting keyword determined and the at least one linking keyworddetermined, wherein the keyword tree has at least two layers, and the atleast one linking keyword determined is placed in an upper layerrelative to the at least one starting keyword determined; and providingthe keyword tree on the electronic device for a user to browse andthereby select at least one said starting keyword by at least one saidlinking keyword on the keyword tree, thus starting the function.

In yet another embodiment thereof, a method for providing a userinterface of an electronic device includes: providing a given keywordtree and presenting the keyword tree on the electronic device byvisualization and layer by layer, wherein the keyword tree has at leasttwo layers in a top-to-bottom direction to enable a user to use akeyword located at a layer of the keyword tree in selecting a firstkeyword of a next layer, thereby starting the electronic device toexecute a first function; obtaining a first keyword-related firstbehavior pattern of the user during a given period of time; andadjusting the keyword tree according to the first behavior pattern tomove the first keyword up at least one layer.

In a further embodiment, a method for providing a user interface of anelectronic device includes: presenting a first keyword on the electronicdevice by visualization, wherein the first keyword enables a user tostart the electronic device for executing a first function; obtaining afirst keyword-related first behavior pattern of the user during a givenperiod of time; and adjusting how the first keyword is visuallypresented on the electronic device according to the first behaviorpattern.

In a further embodiment, a method for providing a user interface of anelectronic device having a background includes presenting a firstkeyword in the background by animation in response to an operationperformed by a user on the electronic device, wherein the first keywordenables the user to start the electronic device for executing a firstfunction.

In a further embodiment, a method for providing a user interface of anelectronic device having a background includes presenting an icon in thebackground by animation in response to an operation performed by a useron the electronic device, wherein the icon enables the user to start theelectronic device for executing a first function.

In a further embodiment, an electronic device includes a display unit, amemory, and a processor. The memory stores a computer-executableinstruction. The processor accesses the memory to execute thecomputer-executable instruction, so as to present the user interfaceprovided by the aforesaid method on the display unit.

Embodiments of the present invention disclose a computer program productstored on a computer-available medium. The computer program productcomprises a computer-readable program for implementing the aforesaidmethods when executed on a computer, so as to provide a user interface.

Reference throughout this specification to features, advantages, orsimilar language does not imply that all of the features and advantagesthat may be realized with the present invention should be or are in anysingle embodiment of the invention. Rather, language referring to thefeatures and advantages is understood to mean that a specific feature,advantage, or characteristic described in connection with an embodimentis included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus,discussion of the features and advantages, and similar language,throughout this specification may, but do not necessarily, refer to thesame embodiment.

Furthermore, the described features, advantages, and characteristics ofthe invention may be combined in any suitable manner in one or moreembodiments. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize that theinvention may be practiced without one or more of the specific featuresor advantages of a particular embodiment. In other instances, additionalfeatures and advantages may be recognized in certain embodiments thatmay not be present in all embodiments of the invention.

The following description, the appended claims, and the embodiments ofthe present invention further illustrate the features and advantages ofthe present invention.

Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment,” “anembodiment,” or similar language means that a particular feature,structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodimentis included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus,appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment,” “in an embodiment,” andsimilar language throughout this specification may, but do notnecessarily, all refer to the same embodiment.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, the present inventionmay be embodied as a computer system, a method or a computer programproduct. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of anentirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (includingfirmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or an embodimentcombining software and hardware aspects that may all generally bereferred to herein as a “circuit,” “module” or “system.” Furthermore,the present invention may take the form of a computer program productembodied in any tangible medium of expression having computer-usableprogram code embodied in the medium.

Any combination of one or more computer usable or computer readablemedium(s) may be utilized. The computer-usable or computer-readablemedium may be, for example but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic,optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus,device, or propagation medium. More specific examples (a non-exhaustivelist) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: anelectrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computerdiskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory(ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flashmemory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory(CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a transmission media such as thosesupporting the Internet or an intranet, or a magnetic storage device.Note that the computer-usable or computer-readable medium could even bepaper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, asthe program can be electronically captured, via, for instance, opticalscanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted, orotherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then storedin a computer memory. In the context of this document, a computer-usableor computer-readable medium may be any medium that can contain, store,communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or inconnection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.The computer-usable medium may include a propagated data signal with thecomputer-usable program code embodied therewith, either in baseband oras part of a carrier wave. The computer usable program code may betransmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited towireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc.

Computer program code for carrying out operations of the presentinvention may be written in any combination of one or more programminglanguages, including an object oriented programming language such asJava, Smalltalk, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programminglanguages, such as the “C” programming language or similar programminglanguages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer,partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partlyon the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely onthe remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remotecomputer or server may be connected to the user's computer through anytype of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide areanetwork (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer(for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).

The present invention is described below with reference to flowchartillustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) andcomputer program products according to embodiments of the invention. Itwill be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/orblock diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchartillustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computerprogram instructions. These computer program instructions may beprovided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purposecomputer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce amachine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor ofthe computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, createmeans for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchartand/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in acomputer-readable medium that can direct a computer or otherprogrammable data processing apparatus to function in a particularmanner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readablemedium produce an article of manufacture including instruction meanswhich implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or blockdiagram block or blocks.

The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer orother programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series ofoperational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmableapparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that theinstructions which execute on the computer or other programmableapparatus provide processes for implementing the functions/actsspecified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.

Referring now to FIG. 1 through FIG. 4, apparatus, methods, and computerprogram products are illustrated as structural or functional blockdiagrams or process flowcharts according to various embodiments of thepresent invention. The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figuresillustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possibleimplementations of systems, methods and computer program productsaccording to various embodiments of the present invention. In thisregard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent amodule, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or moreexecutable instructions for implementing the specified logicalfunction(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternativeimplementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of theorder noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in successionmay, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks maysometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon thefunctionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of theblock diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocksin the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implementedby special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specifiedfunctions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware andcomputer instructions.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an electronic device 10 according to anembodiment of the present invention. The electronic device 10 comprisesa display unit 102, a processor 104, a memory 106, a communicationmodule 108, and a data input module 110.

The electronic device 10 comes in the form of a typical notebookcomputer or a portable information device similar thereto. Preferably,the electronic device 10 is a mobile phone. For details of the basicstructure of the electronic device 10, make reference to products ofApple Inc., such as iPhone™

For example, the processor 104 is a central processing unit (CPU)produced by ARM and adapted for use with a mobile device. The memory 106is a flash memory which stores computer-executable instructions of anapplication AP and is accessible by the processor 104 to execute thecomputer-executable instructions.

The application AP comprises a keyword-based user interface illustratedwith FIG. 2 through FIG. 4e and described below.

The communication module 108 effectuates networking by means of UMTS,GSM, or Wi-Fi and connects with one or more servers 20. The data inputmodule 110 can be integrated with the display screen 102 to form a touchscreen whereby a user creates data or enters instructions.

In this exemplary instance, the memory 106 is equipped with targetdatabase DB_(T) and user profile database DB_(U); however, it is alsofeasible for target database DB_(T) and user profile database DB_(U) tobe disposed at the servers 20, such that the processor 104 of theelectronic device 10 can access target database DB_(T) and user profiledatabase DB_(U) at the servers 20 through the communication module 108.

In another exemplary instance not shown, the electronic device 10 comesin the form of a mainframe or a high-level workstation with robustprocessing capability and storing capability, such as IBM's System X,Blade Center or eServer, and provides a webpage interface whereby anyuser connected to the Internet can access the electronic device 10 bymeans of an electronic device or portable device in wide use.

The required network can also come in a connection of any type,including a wide area network (WAN) or a local area network (LAN) withstatic IP, or a temporary connection to the Internet through an Internetservice provider (ISP), whether by cable connection or by wirelessconnection. Persons skilled in the art are able to understand that thenetwork can also have other hardware and software elements (such as anadditional computer system, a router, or a firewall) not shown in theaccompanying drawings.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of thepresent invention. Referring to the electronic device 10 shown in FIG.1, the method for providing a keyword-based user interface for anapplication AP according to an embodiment of the present invention isdescribed below.

Block 200: determining at least one function to be provided by anapplication AP. Block 200 is similar to its conventional counterpartregarding the existing way of developing applications. In thisembodiment, the application AP is an application pertaining to personalhealth care guide, and its purpose is to provide users with daily healthcare information on an electronic device by means of text or multimedia,for example, displaying multimedia messages MSG1, MSG2 “recommendeddaily caloric intake for males aged 30 is X kcal” and “jogging iseffective in alleviating disease Y” (as shown in FIG. 3).

The aforesaid application, whose nutrition tips or fitness tips can beillustrated with products available on Apple's App Store, does not havethe user interface of the present invention. As a result, although theaforesaid application provides sufficient functionality (abundant healthcare information), the health care information is not readily accessibleto users through an existing user interface.

Furthermore, in an embodiment of the present invention, thefunctionality of the application AP is not restricted to displayingmultimedia messages but includes controlling components (such as acamera unit) mounted on the electronic device or controlling the otherapplications (for example, controlling a voice communication program todial the phone number of a specific subject).

Block 202: in an aspect of the present invention, a keyword-based userinterface is provided; hence, this block entails determining startingkeywords for use in starting each function of the application AP.

The starting keywords are either set by a program developer, or arechosen or created from a target database DB_(T). After the startingkeywords have been determined, the starting keywords are associated withthe function. The target database DB_(T) is either created by theprogram developer, or is created by following any advice provided by adomain expert. In a preferred embodiment, target database DB_(T)comprises specific contents and information pertaining to a function(such as multimedia messages) provided by the application AP, whereintarget database DB_(T) automatically parses the contents and informationof the function beforehand to thereby create multiple keywords forfunctioning directly as the starting keywords or a candidate listthereof to be screened by a developer, thereby allowing the startingkeywords to be automatically associated with the function.

For example, after the multimedia message MSG1 “recommended dailycaloric intake for males aged 30 is X kcal” has been parsed, itselements, namely “aged 30”, “males”, and “calorie”, are automaticallytreated as the keywords for starting the display of the multimediamessage MSG1. After the multimedia message MSG2 “jogging is effective inalleviating disease Y” has been parsed, its elements, namely “disease Y”and “jogging”, are automatically treated as the keywords for startingthe display of the multimedia message MSG2.

In an exemplary instance not shown, if a function provided by theapplication AP is “dialing 24-hour enquiry hotline automatically forhospital's advice on disease Z”, the function will be parsed in a mannerto treat “disease Z” or “enquiry hotline” automatically as the keywordfor starting the dialing function.

Block 204: the starting keywords in block 202 are directly associatedwith the function of the application AP, and thus their semanticmeanings are not only specific or narrow but are also unlikely to beused in the user's daily vocabulary. To enable the user to browse theuser interface easily, it is preferable to introduce some linkingkeywords for providing background-specific or guide-like keywords whichcarry extensive semantic meanings or are in wide use in the user's dailylife to thereby assist the user in associating the introduced linkingkeywords with the starting keywords in block 202.

In an embodiment, the linking keywords are selected or created fromtarget database DB_(T), for example, in block 202, unselected startingkeywords serve as the linking keywords. Alternatively, the linkingkeywords can be set by the user. However, in a preferred embodiment, thelinking keywords are selected or created from profile database DB_(U),wherein profile database DB_(U) stores the user's personal data relatedto age, gender, nationality, educational background, medical record, andweb browsing history or stores personal profiles available on socialnetworking services (such as Facebook or Twitter).

Understandably, linking keywords created from profile database DB_(U)must have the same context as the user's daily life does, and thus theirsemantic meanings are understood by the user quickly and correctly.Furthermore, profile database DB_(U) parses personal data automaticallyto thereby create multiple keywords which serve directly as the linkingkeyword or a candidate list thereof. For example, “health”, “exercise”,and “diet” serve as the linking keywords, as soon as the user's webbrowsing history indicates that a health information-related Website hasa high click through rate (CTR).

If the user wants to include the other users' personal data in profiledatabase DB_(U) for reference, it is preferable to screen the otherusers' personal data by a similarity algorithm beforehand to ensure thatthe other users will be peers to the user, that is, the other usersmanifest considerable similarity with the user in a given dimension, andthus the linking keywords created from profile database DB_(U) by meansof the peers' personal data can be provided to the user for meaningfulreference.

Techniques of calculating the similarity of multiple users by asimilarity algorithm to determine peers are not only well known topersons skilled in the art but are also disclosed in Taiwan PatentApplication No. 101127574 filed by the applicant of this patentapplication, and thus the techniques are not described in detail hereinfor the sake of brevity.

In another embodiment, if the user's personal profile available on asocial networking service indicates that the user has intimateinteraction or close linking relationship with a member Q on anothersocial networking service, it will also be feasible to treat “member Q”as a linking keyword. Hence, it is further determined, according to therecord of interaction between the user and member Q on the socialnetworking service, that both the user and member Q are highlyinterested in diet-related topics, and thus “diet” can also be treatedas a linking keyword.

In another aspect, if member Q agrees to share his or her web browsinghistory or personal data with the user, member Q will be deemed theaforesaid peer to thereby create a linking keyword for use by the useron the electronic device 10, or it will even be feasible to directlytreat any keyword predetermined by member Q (or another peer) as theuser's own linking keyword.

In the aforesaid embodiment, target database DB_(T) in block 202 andprofile database DB_(U) in block 204 are two separate databases.However, in another embodiment, target database DB_(T) and profiledatabase DB_(U) are integrated to become a single database. Methods ofgenerating keywords automatically from a given database (target databaseDB_(T) or profile database DB_(U)) are not only well known to personsskilled in the art but are also disclosed in U.S. Patent ApplicationPublication 2005/0086219 and U.S. Pat. No. 7,546,280, and thus themethods are not described in detail herein for the sake of brevity.

This embodiment of the present invention does not require that blocks200-204 have a specific execution sequence, and more particularly, doesnot specify the sequence of determination of functions, startingkeywords, and linking keywords, and thus the determination of functions,starting keywords, and linking keywords can take place separately, andit is even feasible to determine starting keywords and linking keywordsfirst and then determine functions.

Block 206: creating by the program developer a keyword tree KT with ahierarchical structure from starting keywords determined in block 202and linking keywords determined in block 204 according to their semanticmeanings, as shown in FIG. 3. Given adequate text corpus samples (suchas the archives of a news Website), a computer program can analyze andidentify the general semantic meaning of each keyword and therebyautomatically create the keyword tree KT.

In this embodiment, the keyword tree KT has layers L1, L2, L3 in atop-to-bottom direction. The linking keywords “health” and “member Q”are placed in the top layer L1. The linking keywords “exercise” and“diet” are placed in the intermediate layer L2. The starting keywords“nutrition”, “calorie” and “jogging” are placed in the bottom layer L3.

The keyword tree KT shown in FIG. 3 is illustrative of the presentinvention and thus can represent a portion of the keyword tree of thepresent invention, because the embodiments of the present invention arenot restrictive of the size of the keyword tree.

Furthermore, whether a keyword is a “linking keywords” or a “startingkeywords” may depend on specific functions of the application AP; hence,referring to FIG. 3, the “linking keywords” located at layers L1, L2 canserve as the “starting keywords” of the other functions. Similarly, the“starting keywords” located at layer L3 in FIG. 3 can serve as the“linking keywords” of the other functions.

In another aspect, there is at least one path between any two keywordson the keyword tree in an embodiment of the present invention. Referringto FIG. 3, keywords “health” and “nutrition” are either directly linkedup, or linked via keyword “diet” or another keyword (not shown). Hence,when compared with conventional user interfaces characterized by a“functionality-based” hierarchical menu or tree directory, the presentinvention provides a keyword tree which features high flexibility andhigh popularity among users.

Block 208: providing the keyword tree KT on the electronic device 10 forthe user to browse. For example, the keyword tree KT comes in the formof a hierarchical menu or tree directory (but the present invention isnot limited thereto, for more examples, see FIG. 4a through FIG. 4e ),such that the user can select the “linking keywords” at layers L1, L2 bymeans of the hierarchical menu and then select the “starting keywords”at layer L3 to thereby start a function associated with the startingkeywords (see block 200).

Block 210: as mentioned earlier, the keyword tree KT comes in the formof a hierarchical menu or tree directory. For related details of ahierarchical menu or tree directory, make reference to function-basedhierarchical menus and tree directories of the user interface ofMicrosoft's Windows operating system. Take a hierarchical menu as anexample, it enables the user to select and trigger any item on the menuand thereby display a next-layer menu or start a specific function.

The hierarchical menu in an embodiment of the present invention iskeyword-based (rather than “function-based” according to the prior art)and thus keywords can serve as items on the menu; hence, in block 210,optionally, the user is allowed to set a criterion for selecting andtriggering a specific keyword automatically.

Unlike the prior art which discloses function-based menus, the presentinvention, in an embodiment thereof, adopts a keyword-based menu inwhich keywords serving as items on the menu, and thus the user isallowed to set keywords of any hierarchical structure (rather than setthe “starting keywords” of the next layer only). Furthermore, in anembodiment of the present invention, the configuration of keywords isbased on semantic meanings thereof and thus is so simple that the userdoes not even need to know the positions of the keywords on the keywordtree, nor does the user need to understand the framework of the keywordtree.

Referring to FIG. 3, the user may configure that keyword “health” oflayer L1 is automatically selected and triggered and keyword menu (whichhas thereon items presented in the form of keywords “diet” and keyword“exercise”) of layer L2 is automatically unfolded as soon as theelectronic device 10 determines that the current time or place matches adefault value or the electronic device 10 receives a specific signal(such as a specific phone number of an incoming call or a RF signalcarrying a specific message). Likewise, the user may further set anothercriterion for automatically selecting and triggering keyword “exercise”or “diet” of layer L2 to thereby unfold the keyword menu of layer L3. Inanother embodiment, if the electronic device 10 has a sound inputfunction (carried out by a microphone, for example), the user can setthe criterion for automatically selecting and triggering keyword“health” of layer L1 to a received sound, say, the sound produced by theuser's pronunciation of the word “health” or the sound produced by theuser's exhalation toward a microphone.

In another embodiment, if the electronic device 10 is capable of sensinglight (by means of a light sensor, for example), the user can set thecriterion for automatically selecting and triggering keyword “health” oflayer L1 to a light ray perceived. For example, the user may set thecriterion to the detection that the light intensity of a light raysensed by a light sensor is lower than a default value (for example, asa result of the user's hiding the light sensor by hand, or when thelight sensor-equipped side of the electronic device 10 is turned awayfrom a light source). However, the aforesaid technical feature is notessential for the present invention.

Block 220: after providing the keyword tree KT for serving as the userinterface, the application AP can be configured with a given period oftime (such as a day, a week, or a month), so as to obtain the user'sbehavior pattern toward the keyword tree KT during the given period oftime, for example, the frequency of selecting a specific keyword orspecific path on the keyword tree KT, the most common time and place ofa specific keyword or specific path, or a remark entered by the user(with a button “like” or “dislike”) and directed to a specific keyword.

By a value-assigning data processing process, each keyword or path onthe keyword tree KT is assigned a value indicative of the user'sbehavior pattern to thereby allow comparison, statistical analysis, orevaluation to be performed. The present invention is not restrictive tothe aforesaid way of data processing whereby a value is assigned toindicate a behavior pattern.

Block 222: after a value has been assigned to each keyword or path onthe keyword tree KT to indicate the user's behavior pattern, if thekeyword tree KT is presented on the electronic device 10 byvisualization and layer by layer, it will be feasible to adjust how akeyword is presented according to the behavior pattern value of thekeyword or adjust how each keyword on a path is presented on the userinterface according to the behavior pattern value of the path. By thisoperation, it is feasible to predict keywords which are likely to appealto a user and highlight the displayed keywords according to the user'spast behavior pattern.

The aforesaid adjustment is carried out, for example, by changing thefont size, font, position, and color of a keyword presented on the userinterface as well as the sequence in which the keyword and the otherkeywords are presented in the same layer. The extent of the aforesaidadjustment depends on either the difference between the behavior patternvalue of the keyword (or path) and a preset reference value, or thedifference between the behavior pattern value of the keyword (or path)and the behavior pattern value of another equivalent keyword (or path).

Referring to FIG. 3, for example, if the behavior pattern value(determined in block 220) of keyword “health” of layer L1 is higher thanthat (determined in block 220) of keyword “member Q” in the same layer,block 222 can entail presenting keyword “health” in a font larger thankeyword “member Q”

For example, if the behavior pattern value (determined in block 220) ofpath 1 (from keyword “health” of layer L1 to keyword “diet” of layer L2)is higher than that (determined in block 220) of path 2 (from keyword“health” of layer L1 to keyword “exercise” of layer L2), block 222 canentail presenting keyword “diet” of layer L2 on path 1 with a higherpriority or in a more conspicuous manner than keyword “exercise” oflayer L2 on path 2. The main difference between the two aforesaidexemplary instances is described below. The latter exemplary instancegives considerations to a path, that is, keywords in the upper layer,wherein the result of the calculation of a behavior pattern value variesfrom path to path (for example, switching to keyword “member Q” of layerL1 but keeping the same keywords in layer L2 (i.e., using keyword “diet”and keyword “exercise”), whereas visual presentation of the keywords islikely to vary accordingly. By contrast, the former exemplary instancegives no considerations to keywords in the upper layer.

Moreover, in addition to adjusting how a keyword is visually presentedaccording to a behavior pattern value, the behavior pattern value isfurther for use in adjusting the position of a keyword on the keywordtree KT. For example, if the behavior pattern value (determined in block220) of keyword “nutrition” of layer L3 is higher than that (determinedin block 220) of keyword “calorie” of layer L3 and the differencetherebetween is larger than a predetermined value, block 222 can entailupgrading keyword “nutrition” from layer L3 to layer L2 and omittinglinking keyword (i.e., keyword “diet”) of layer L2 from its upward pathsuch that keyword “nutrition” is linked directly to linking keyword(i.e., keyword “health”) of layer L1, thereby allowing the user tobrowse much more easily.

In addition to a conventional hierarchical menu or tree directory, FIG.4a-4e illustrate another way of providing the keyword tree KT (as shownin FIG. 3) for the user to browse.

FIG. 4a shows that the keyword tree KT has not yet been presented or ishidden, thereby showing that the electronic device 10 has a backgroundBG (such as wallpaper). Keywords at a specific layer on the keyword treeKT are displayed, in response to an operation performed by the user onthe electronic device 10, for example, the user's pressing a specificphysical button (not shown), or the detection by the electronic device10 of an event (say, the detection that the electronic device 10 isbeing shaken in a specific manner by the user or has been overturned bythe user, the detection of sound input, or the detection of a specificsignal by the electronic device 10) configured by the user.

Referring to FIG. 4b , which shows keywords “exercise” and “diet” oflayer L2, wherein keywords “exercise” and “diet” are presented in theform of icons G1, G2, respectively, and presented in the background BGby animation.

In an embodiment, the user watches icons G1, G2 moving in the backgroundBG. Furthermore, icons G1, G2 for keywords “exercise” and “diet” havetheir respective unique visually perceivable features in terms of size,shape, color, and transparency. In the embodiment illustrated with FIG.4b , icons G1, G2 for keywords “exercise” and “diet” have differentbubbly peripheries, wherein bubbly icons G1, G2 rise slowly from thebottom border of the background BG like real bubbles do in response toan operation (such as shaking, overturning, and sound input) performedby the user on the electronic device 10. For example, the user selectsand triggers keyword “diet” by pressing bubbly icon G2, and thenkeywords (not shown) of the bottom layer L3 are displayed in a waysimilar to that of icons G1, G2.

In an exemplary instance not shown, bubbly icons G1, G2 rise, and theybegin to move horizontally or downward as soon as their periphery comesinto contact with the bottom border of the background BG. Bubbly iconsG1, G2 are not only adjustable in shape and size but also capable ofsimulating real bubbles.

As with real bubbles, icons G1, G2 each preferably have a transparency(whether equal or unequal) whereby the background BG is partiallyexposed.

Optionally, in response to an operation (such as a click) performed bythe user, bubbly icons G1, G2 either stop moving to be quiescentlypresented in the background BG or disappear from the background BG.Alternatively, the user may configure that, when a predetermined periodof time has lapsed, bubbly icons G1, G2 either stop moving to bequiescently presented in the background BG or disappear from thebackground BG automatically. In another aspect, in response to anoperation (such as a drag) performed by the user, the user either movesbubbly icons G1, G2 to an intended position in the background BG andpresents bubbly icons G1, G2 quiescently, or throws bubbly icons G1, G2out of the background BG to make bubbly icons G1, G2 disappear from thebackground BG and makes a “dislike” remark by means of the aforesaidthrow-out (see block 220 of FIG. 2), for example.

In another aspect, in an embodiment illustrated with FIG. 4c , inresponse to an operation (such as a drag) performed by the user, theuser moves bubbly icons G1, G2 to an interface of an operating system oranother application of the electronic device 10, such that functions orinformation directly or indirectly associated with bubbly icons G1, G2(for example, through their downward hierarchical structure) areaccessible by the operating system or the other application. Forexample, the user drags bubbly icons G1, G2 to an attachment selectioninterface (shown in FIG. 4c ) of an email program to thereby treat anyinformation or file associated with bubbly icons G1, G2 as an attachmentto an email.

Referring to FIG. 4d , two electronic devices 10 operate synchronouslyas configured by the user, and thus the two electronic devices 10 eitherdisplay at least one keyword (i.e., bubbly icons G1, G2) of a specificlayer in the keyword tree KT simultaneously according to asynchronization signal between the two electronic devices 10 (forexample, by Wi-Fi or Bluetooth), or create their respective keywordtrees KT anew according to information carried by the synchronizationsignal to thereby achieve the effect of sharing or exchanging keywords.

In an embodiment illustrated with FIG. 4e , which is similar to anembodiment illustrated with FIG. 4b , in response to an operationperformed by the user on the electronic device 10, keywords of aspecific layer on the keyword tree KT are displayed. However, theembodiment of FIG. 4e is different from the embodiment of FIG. 4b inthat, in the embodiment of FIG. 4e , only one keyword (such as keyword“exercise” G1 of layer L2) is displayed in each instance, and thenanother keyword (such as keyword “diet” G2 of layer L2) in the samelayer is displayed in response to another operation (for example,shaking the electronic device 10) performed by the user on theelectronic device 10, with the original keyword (i.e., keyword“exercise” G1) being displayed or hidden no more, wherein keyword iconsG1, G2 are displayed in a preset sequence or in a sequence determined inaccordance with the keyword behavior pattern mentioned in blocks 220,222 illustrated with FIG. 2.

In this embodiment, keywords are not necessarily displayed in the formof icons. For example, it is also feasible for the keywords to bepresented dynamically by means of a marquee at the bottom of thebackground BG without involving use of icons. Conversely, if the iconsdepicted in FIGS. 4b-4e are also employed to start a specific function,the icons will not necessarily be implemented in conjunction with themethod depicted in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3.

The foregoing embodiments are provided to illustrate and disclose thetechnical features of the present invention, and are not intended to berestrictive of the scope of the present invention. Hence, all equivalentvariations or modifications made to the foregoing embodiments withoutdeparting from the spirit embodied in the disclosure of the presentinvention should fall within the scope of the present invention as setforth in the appended claims.

1. A computer program product for providing a user interface (UI) in anelectronic device having a background, the computer program productcomprising a computer readable storage medium having programinstructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable bya processor to cause the processor to perform a method comprising:detecting an event by the electronic device, wherein the event is amanipulation of an orientation of the electronic device by a user; inresponse to detecting the event, modifying a background display of theelectronic device to include a first animated keyword, wherein selectionof the first animated keyword by the user instructs the electronicdevice to execute a first function, wherein the background display is awallpaper displayed on the electronic device.
 2. The computer programproduct of claim 1, further comprising presenting a second animatedkeyword in the background display of the electronic device, whereinselection of the second animated keyword by the user instructs theelectronic device to execute a second function.
 3. The computer programproduct of claim 2, further comprising stopping the first animatedkeyword displaying prior to starting the second animated keyword.
 4. Thecomputer program product of claim 1, further comprising presenting thefirst animated keyword in the background display quiescently after apredetermined period of time.
 5. The computer program product of claim1, further comprising presenting the first animated keyword in thebackground display quiescently in response to an operation performed bythe user on the electronic device.
 6. The computer program product ofclaim 1, wherein the first animated keyword is presented in form of anicon.